Underwater Waterfall of the Mauritius Islands
(http://www.hypeness.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/UnderwaterWaterfall1.jpg)
Au Contraire, very much to see 8) That is a very interesting picture, for the silt and sand being carried by the currents do indeed give the appearance of an under water water fall...
fascinating 8)
The World's Largest Waterfall Isn't What You'd ThinkQuoteWhat's the largest waterfall in the world? If you're talking by flow rate, it's Inga Falls. If you mean the tallest, it's Angel Falls. The widest? Khone Falls. But if you want to know the very largest waterfall in the world, you'll have to look beneath the ocean. That's where you'll find the Denmark Strait Cataract, an underwater waterfall with measurements that make the others look laughable.
(https://dw8stlw9qt0iz.cloudfront.net/Xldb6g3peGhl3Z5HlbwaLioxiSI=/fit-in/675x799/filters:format(jpeg):quality(75)/curiosity-data.s3.amazonaws.com/images/content/portrait/standard/5fe3a9ff-355f-42af-e2f2-6b76fe34cff5.png)
The Denmark Strait sits between Greenland and Iceland.
Image: NormanEinstein / WikimediaDon't Go Chasing This WaterfallQuoteBuried far underneath the water's surface in the Denmark Strait between Greenland and Iceland hides the largest waterfall known to man. Underwater waterfalls, known as cascades—or, when they're really big, cataracts—exist when cold and warm water meet. The molecules in cold water don't move around much, so they stay close together and make the water denser than warm water, whose molecules tend to buzz around and leave more space between them. That makes cold water sink straight down through warm water, creating a steady and consistent flow.
The water coming from the Greenland Sea is Arctic cold, literally. When it enters the warmer water in the Irminger Sea, it drops 11,500 feet straight down, flowing at 175 million cubic feet per second. That absolutely annihilates any records on the surface—Angel Falls is only 3,212 feet high; Inga Falls flows just shy of a million cubic feet per second. Sure, it is slower—cold water falls through air much faster than it can sink through warm water—and it is, again, underwater, but does that make it any less of a waterfall?
Looking Toward the FutureQuoteThe Denmark Strait Cataract and other cataracts like it aren't just natural oddities. They're part of a delicate ecosystem, and many are relied upon not only by commercial fishing crews, but deep-sea creatures that depend on them for their constant flow of nutrients. With evidence of climate change negatively affecting other underwater currents, and given the fact that its flow is so reliant on temperature, its future and the future of those who rely on it is shaky at best.
https://curiosity.com/topics/the-worlds-largest-waterfall-isnt-what-youd-think-curiosity/
(https://media.mnn.com/assets/images/2015/06/waterfalls-denmark-straight.png.638x0_q80_crop-smart.jpg)
QuoteLargest underwater waterfall: Denmark Strait cataract
This plays around with the definition of a waterfall, but keep your mind open because this is is pretty amazing.The Denmark Strait, in the Atlantic Ocean between Greenland and Iceland, is an underground waterfall that tumbles almost 11,500 feet and carries 175 million cubic feet of water per second.
The reason it exists is due to temperature differences in the water on either side of the strait. Cold water is more dense than warm water. And the eastern side of the strait is a lot colder than the western side. So when the waters meet, the cold water sinks below the warmer water, creating a strong downward flow of water — one that can be (and is) considered a waterfall.
There are other areas of the ocean where the same thing happens, but the Denmark Straight is hands down the largest of them.
https://www.mnn.com/earth-matters/wilderness-resources/photos/10-spectacular-record-setting-waterfalls/largest-underwater-waterfall-denmark-strait-cataract
Mexico, Cenote Angelita - The Underwater River
March 19, 2015
Cenote Angelita(https://static1.squarespace.com/static/54ea22c3e4b003ce1bd46c37/t/550b0a33e4b09c648ec283e8/1426786869611/?format=1000w)
QuoteIf you wondering if they exist or is even possible, the answer is yes!!. Its been discover by scientists a river underwater. And apparently it's not the only one.
I wont talk or develop much about it, since i never been there. But if you are interested in a different holidays and you love scuba diving, this is defenetly the place.
If you are interested, its 17 km away of the city Tulum in Mexico, and exits guides who will take underwater, the prices are reasonable and i am pretty sure you will be amazed. Unfortunately you will have to be experienced, at least 20 dives.
The website will explain you everything: http://www.cenoteangelita.com.
For now watch the video.
http://www.lostklip.com/travel/2015/3/19/mexico-cenote-angelita-the-underwater-river
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iHBvKDOfWiI
Divers Are Exploring This Giant Underwater River, Shrouded in a Cloud of Toxic Gas
One of the strangest places on Earth.QuoteBEC CREW 11 NOV 2016
Up on Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula, between the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico, the dense, tropical jungle is littered with sinkholes called cenotes, where limestone has collapsed to expose the groundwater below.
One of the most incredible sinkholes in the region is the Cenote Angelita, which contains a distinct underwater river that flows through some 30 metres below the surface. This river, where salt water meets fresh water, is blanketed by a thick cloud of hydrogen sulphide - and it would kill you if you tried to breathe it in.
Found near the ancient Mayan city of Tulum on the east coast of the Yucatan Peninsula, Cenote Angelita (or "little angel") appears perfectly normal from the surface.
It looks just like a deep, tranquil pool of fresh water, surrounded in vegetation, but if you dive down about 30 metres (100 feet), you'll find something odd - a misty river flowing on its own through its clear, still surroundings.
(https://www.sciencealert.com/images/2016-11/surface-cenote.jpg)
On the surface. Credit: TecdiveTV/YouTubeQuoteThe cloud of hydrogen sulphide - a colourless, toxic gas that smells like rotten eggs - is more than 3 metres thick (10 feet), and it makes diving through it extremely difficult.
As Canadian videographer Mike Corey explains on his YouTube page:
"Once through [the cloud], it turns into a night dive, and you need to use your torches. You only have a few minutes beyond the layer before you have to start ascending again. It's a murky landscape, with petrified trees sticking out of the cloud.
Mayans believed that cenotes were the gateway to the underworld, and yeah, after visiting this one in particular, I can see why."
Corey admits that this was probably one of the most advanced dives he's ever done, saying divers tend to panic once they hit the misty layer and find it hard to see anything.
Here's his dive:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JsdFP_UrLso
QuoteSo how did that swirling cloud of toxic gas get there in the first place?
Cenotes are filled with both fresh and salt water, because when the limestone collapses and sinks, it creates a massive reservoir where the newly exposed fresh groundwater meets the salt water that's seeping in from the ocean via an underground channel.
As Jennifer Berglund explains for Discover Magazine, like oil on water, the freshwater will floats above a denser layer of saltwater, and where they mix, they'll form a layer of brackish water called the halocline.
"Whereas saltwater and freshwater are clear, the halocline appears somewhat like a hazily defined liquid body rippling within the water," says Berglund.
"It can act like a barrier, preventing leaf litter from the surrounding forest - along with plastic bags, soda cans, and other light trash - from sinking into the denser saltwater. Along with the debris, the upper freshwater layer contains more oxygen than the saltwater below, and it supports a completely different set of life-forms."
(https://www.sciencealert.com/images/2016-11/cenote-diagram.jpg)
TecdiveTVQuoteSometimes, when lots of vegetation and organic matter has made its way into the sinkhole, the rotting and decomposition can produce a thick cloud of hydrogen sulphide, as we can see in Cenote Angelita:
(https://instagram.flas1-1.fna.fbcdn.net/vp/a1a0ebcf7fd7690ebd4d129e6daba808/5B976863/t51.2885-15/e35/13774636_1068999359815168_1911106728_n.jpg)
https://www.sciencealert.com/divers-are-exploring-this-giant-underwater-river-shrouded-in-a-cloud-of-toxic-gas
I have always been facinated by the seas and oceans, and found this topic amazing in its many facets and facts about how it works - Thermohline Global Circulation -
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermohaline_circulation
https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/kits/currents/06conveyor2.html
Some useful YT explanations of the theory - :)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=boFGOZ1X5Bo
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TxdiU3LJlZ8
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jEtiFtel3vI
Cheers,
Fans' :)
Edit" - This looked interesting to me - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z80lKqm-13I
Also, have you folks heard of the Prime Water theory ?
http://www.primarywaterinstitute.org/links.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AUaPleXoK8E
"Snip"
During a recent interview, Pal Pauer, a respected American hydrologist, stated that this post-earthquake release is an excellent example of "primary water", which comes not from rain-fed, shallow aquifers, but rather from very deep sources, far below typical aquifer levels. Primary water sources are independent of rainfall, and appear to be virtually unlimited. Although the science of primary water is not widely known, there is much evidence to support its existence.
In fact, a recent study reported in the SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN documented the presence of vast quantities of water locked far beneath the earth's surface. That study confirmed "that there is a very, very large amount of water that's trapped in a really distinct layer in the deep Earth...[ ]approaching the sort of mass of water that's present in all the world's ocean": LINK
Although primary water originates from geological processes deep within the earth, Pauer said it can be tapped (and has been tapped) for use at or near the surface of the earth. This is because primary water naturally pushes up through fracture zones in the earth's crust, as illustrated in the diagram above. High pressures in the earth's mantle make this upward movement of primary water possible and inevitable. It is not necessary to drill hundreds of miles deep in order to [ ]access this abundant [and valuable] resource. In some cases, primary water can be found at the surface of the earth, as demonstrated by many natural springs.
Primary water can also be accessed by drilling near the surface (less than 200 feet). In other cases, earthquakes, such as the recent one in Napa, can remove blockages and open channels for primary water. This can facilitate sudden release of this great gift from below.
Pauer points out that there are other indications that the new-found water in Solano County is, indeed, primary water. For example, there were no major reports of sinkholes or subsidence associated with the release.
If this massive volume of water had been released from a shallow aquifer an equivalent volume of water would have had to replace the volume withdrawn so rapidly (over 1,000 gallons/minute, which is over 10 times the pre-quake flow). Otherwise, massive sinkholes/subsidence would have appeared. The lack of sinkholes or subsidence indicates that the source of these new waters must not be shallow aquifers, but must be primary in origin, from much deeper, prolific sources.
These primary water sources, in fact, were so prolific, they were able to sustain surface stability even as massive volumes of water were released. In situations such as this, as depleted aquifers are replenished by primary water, variations in flow may be expected until equilibrium is reached.
After many decades of successful primary water studies and drilling projects, Pauer has proven that we can ACCESS this abundant source and supplement our current water supply. Primary water may be tapped directly, or may be found commingled with secondary water (e.g. aquifers) fed from atmospheric sources above. As more people become aware of this little-known science, perhaps the Napa earthquake will be remembered for helping us look "down" instead of "up" for solutions to our current, epic drought crisis.
Copyright 2014 Primary Water Institute
I just came across this while I was looking at another topic, I have never heard of this before, I wonder why deserts don't have more abundant water ???
Cheers,
Fans'
"SNIP"
Quote from: fansongecho on September 16, 2018, 01:42:08 PM
I just came across this while I was looking at another topic, I have never heard of this before, I wonder why deserts don't have more abundant water ???
I don't think I have heard of this before either, but it makes sense.
Deserts are deserts for a several reasons, one of them being that it's easier for a region to become a desert when there is not enough rain than it is for a desert to become "normal".
The first time I read about global warming, sometime in the 1980s, was when I read a newspaper article written by a Portuguese scientist about the desertification of the south of Portugal, near the north of Africa. What he wrote was that one of the effects of global warming was the weather becoming more extreme, so instead of, for example, 10 cm or rain falling in six months that same amount of rain would fall in two or even one month, and those stronger rains have the effect of washing away the top soil, the one where the plants find their nutrients, so those areas have a tendency to become deserts, even when there's rain. Once a place becomes a desert, without any nutrients for the plants then the animals also disappear, and the place becomes populated only by specialized plants and animals that are not enough to make a rich ecosystem.
So, even if there's all that water underground, the fact that it's not available to the surface in normal conditions doesn't help prevent a place from becoming a desert.