Who are These Guys???

[COSMO]

I'd never seen this before.  What a collection and what an era. 
Just wanted to share. 

C

[astr0144]

I have seen that photo before on some UK TV programs that cover about such related topics.. There have been some really good TV programs on the BBC that covered such Science on Quantum physics.

They were the top guys in the Science research topic at that time..in the 1920/30s.

The TV program did discuss some of the arguments and disagreements and various theories that some of these top guys had back then; to see some having some disagreements with Einstein..and to see how varied their personalities were, along with their differing characters.

N. Bohr, E.Schroginger , M.Planck, W. Heisenberg,  along with A.Einstein being the main ones discussed.

It was very interesting stuff...but a lot to recall and try to recite without  seeing it several times. but you have posted some material that refer to it in your posts and threads.


If I can , I will see if I can find related videos of the Programs, although you probably will be familiar with most of it..

[space otter]

ah Cosmo.. are you playing catch the otter, too ? 



http://rarehistoricalphotos.com/solvay-conference-probably-intelligent-picture-ever-taken-1927/


17 of the 29 attendees were or became Nobel Prize winners.

The Solvay Conference, founded by the Belgian industrialist Ernest Solvay in 1912, was considered a turning point in the world of physics. Located in Brussels, the conferences were devoted to outstanding preeminent open problems in both physics and chemistry. The most famous conference was the October 1927 Fifth Solvay International Conference on Electrons and Photons, where the world's most notable physicists met to discuss the newly formulated quantum theory. The leading figures were Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr.

Einstein, disenchanted with Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, remarked "God does not play dice". Bohr replied, "Einstein, stop telling God what to do". 17 of the 29 attendees were or became Nobel Prize winners, including Marie Curie, who alone among them, had won Nobel Prizes in two separate scientific disciplines. Here's a splendid colored version of the photo.

This conference was also the culmination of the struggle between Einstein and the scientific realists, who wanted strict rules of scientific method as laid out by Charles Peirce and Karl Popper, versus Bohr and the instrumentalists, who wanted looser rules based on outcomes. Starting at this point, the instrumentalists won, instrumentalism having been seen as the norm ever since.



Back to front, left to right:

Back: Auguste Piccard, Émile Henriot, Paul Ehrenfest, Édouard Herzen, Théophile de Donder, Erwin Schrödinger, JE Verschaffelt, Wolfgang Pauli, Werner Heisenberg, Ralph Fowler, Léon Brillouin.

Middle: Peter Debye, Martin Knudsen, William Lawrence Bragg, Hendrik Anthony Kramers, Paul Dirac, Arthur Compton, Louis de Broglie, Max Born, Niels Bohr.

Front: Irving Langmuir, Max Planck, Marie Curie, Hendrik Lorentz, Albert Einstein, Paul Langevin, Charles-Eugène Guye, CTR Wilson, Owen Richardson.



The scientists on the picture:

Auguste Piccard designed ships to explore the upper stratosphere and the deep seas (bathyscaphe, 1948).

Emile Henriot detected the natural radioactivity of potassium and rubidium. He made ultracentrifuges possible and pioneered the electron microscope.

Paul Ehrenfest remarked (in 1909) that Special Relativity makes the rim of a spinning disk shrink but not its diameter. This contradiction with Euclidean geometry inspired Einstein's General Relativity. Ehrenfest was a great teacher and a pioneer of quantum theory.

Edouard Herzen is one of only 7 people who participated in the two Solvay conferences of 1911 and 1927. He played a leading role in the development of physics and chemistry during the twentieth century.

Théophile de Donder defined chemical affinity in terms of the change in the free enthalpy. He founded the thermodynamics of irreversible processes, which led his student Ilya Prigogine (1917-2006) to a Nobel prize.

Erwin Schrödinger matched observed quantum behavior with the properties of a continuous nonrelativistic wave obeying the Schrödinger Equation. In 1935, he challenged the Copenhagen Interpretation, with the famous tale of Schrödinger's cat. He shared the nobel prize with Dirac.

Jules Emile Verschaffelt, the Flemish physicist, got his doctorate under Kamerlingh Onnes in 1899.

Wolfgang Pauli formulated the exclusion principle which explains the entire table of elements. Pauli's sharp tongue was legendary; he once said about a bad paper: "This isn't right; this isn't even wrong."

Werner Heisenberg replaced Bohr's semi-classical orbits by a new quantum logic which became known as matrix mechanics (with the help of Born and Jordan). The relevant noncommutativity entails Heisenberg's uncertainty principle.

Sir Ralph Howard Fowler supervised 15 FRS and 3 Nobel laureates. In 1923, he introduced Dirac to quantum theory.

Léon Nicolas Brillouin practically invented solid state physics (Brillouin zones) and helped develop the technology that became the computers we use today.

Peter Debye pioneered the use of dipole moments for asymmetrical molecules and extended Einstein's theory of specific heat to low temperatures by including low-energy phonons.

Martin Knudsen revived Maxwell's kinetic theory of gases, especially at low pressure: Knudsen flow, Knudsen number etc.

William Lawrence Bragg was awarded the Nobel prize for physics jointly with his father Sir William Henry Bragg for their work on the analysis of the structure of crystals using X-ray diffraction.

Hendrik Kramers was the first foreign scholar to seek out Niels Bohr. He became his assistant and helped develop what became known as Bohr's Institute, where he worked on dispersion theory.

Paul Dirac came up with the formalism on which quantum mechanics is now based. In 1928, he discovered a relativistic wave function for the electron which predicted the existence of antimatter, before it was actually observed.

Arthur Holly Compton figured that X-rays collide with electrons as if they were relativistic particles, so their frequency shifts according to the angle of deflection (Compton scattering).

Louis de Broglie discovered that any particle has wavelike properties, with a wavelength inversely proportional to its momentum (this helps justify Schrödinger's equation).

Max Born's probabilistic interpretation of Schrödinger's wave function ended determinism in physics but provided a firm ground for quantum theory.

Irving Langmuir was an American chemist and physicist. His most noted publication was the famous 1919 article "The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms and Molecules".

Max Planck originated quantum theory, which won him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1918. He proposed that exchanges of energy only occur in discrete lumps, which he dubbed quanta.

Niels Bohr started the quantum revolution with a model where the orbital angular momentum of an electron only has discrete values. He spearheaded the Copenhagen Interpretation which holds that quantum phenomena are inherently probabilistic.

Marie Curie was the first woman to earn a Nobel prize and the first person to earn two. In 1898, she isolated two new elements (polonium and radium) by tracking their ionizing radiation, using the electrometer of Jacques and Pierre Curie.

Hendrik Lorentz discovered and gave theoretical explanation of the Zeeman effect. He also derived the transformation equations subsequently used by Albert Einstein to describe space and time.

Albert Einstein developed the general theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics (alongside quantum mechanics).He is best known in popular culture for his mass–energy equivalence formula (which has been dubbed "the world's most famous equation"). He received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics "for his services to theoretical physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect".

Paul Langevin developed Langevin dynamics and the Langevin equation. He had a love affair with Marie Curie.

Charles-Eugène Guye was a professor of Physics at the University of Geneva. For Guye, any phenomenon could only exist at certain observation scales.

Charles Thomson Rees Wilson reproduced cloud formation in a box. Ultimately, in 1911, supersaturated dust-free ion-free air was seen to condense along the tracks of ionizing particles. The Wilson cloud chamber detector was born.

Sir Owen Willans Richardson won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1928 for his work on thermionic emission, which led to Richardson's Law.

Photograph by Benjamin Couprie, Institut International de Physique de Solvay. The colorization photo by u/mygrapefruit.

[COSMO]

Thanks otter!  I was just too lazy to post all of that!  hahahaha

But..it is an amazing group of people. 

C

[space otter]

u r welcome 

and yeah what a group..
makes you wonder who would be on such a list  99 years from now...?    ?

guess what even a you tube





Uploaded on May 3, 2007


http://www.freesciencelectures.com

The most known people who participated in the conference were Ervin Schrodinger, Niels Bohr, Werner Heisenberg, Auguste Piccard, Paul Dirac, Max Born, Wolfgang Pauli, Louis de Broglie, Marie Curie, Hendrik Lorentz, Albert Einstein and others.

The film opens with quick shots of Erwin Schrodinger and Niels Bohr. Auguste Piccard of the University of Brussels follows and then the camera re-focuses on Schrodinger and Bohr.

Schrodinger who developed wave mechanics never agreed with Bohr on quantum mechanics.
Solvay gave Heisenberg an opportunity to discuss his new uncertainty principle theory.
Max Born's statistical interpretation of the wave function ended determinism in atomic world.
These men - Bohr, Heisenberg, Kramers, Dirac and Born together with Born represent the founding fathers of quantum mechanics.
Louis de Broglie wrote his dissertation on the wave nature of matter which Schrodinger used as basis for wave mechanics.
Albert Einstein whose famous response to Born's statistical interpretation of wave function was "God does not play dice."

Twenty-nine physicists, the main quantum theorists of the day, came together to discuss the topic "Electrons and Photons". Seventeen of the 29 attendees were or became Nobel Prize winners.

Following is a "home movie" shot by Irving Langmuir, (the 1932 Nobel Prize winner in chemistry). It captures 2 minutes of an intermission in the proceedings. Twenty-one of the 29 attendees are on the film.

---
It's Never too Late to Study:
http://www.freesciencelectures.com
---
Notice: This video is copyright by its respectful owners.
The website address on the video does not mean anything.
---


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Howto & Style


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[COSMO]

u r welcome 

and yeah what a group..
makes you wonder who would be on such a list  99 years from now...?    ?

For sure.  It was an age of discovery and a collection like that may never be seen again.  Would love to have been a fly on the wall when Schrodinger, Einstein and Heisenberg were talking about god playing dice with the universe! 

C

[space otter]

no one flies around the sun, except skyfish

bwhahahahahahahaha you are such a braggart...  but you aren't alone ya know 

[COSMO]

bwhahahahahahahaha you are such a braggart...  but you aren't alone ya know 

Nah...not much for bragging.  Not much for insulting either.  Please tell me who else otter?  I have been looking for years but no one yet has recognized what I write.

C

[space otter]

oh dear I've done it again.. foot in mouth.. that was just plying around  not an insult in any way..
I hadn't paid attention to your new lines and got a chuckle  outta it..

I have been looking for years but no one yet has recognized what I write.

I was referring to the song not your posts...perhaps you are  above  circling the sun

[COSMO]

oh dear I've done it again.. foot in mouth.. that was just plying around  not an insult in any way..
I hadn't paid attention to your new lines and got a chuckle  outta it..
I was referring to the song not your posts...perhaps you are  above  circling the sun

We are good.  I don't boast or brag.  I have explained Samadhi and how to achieve it, and what it is.  I have a Hindu friend that teaches it and he says I am beyond him and that I may be my own guru.  I don't know.  This is something that I am going into in solitude and have no higher guides, no guru.  Haven't been able to find a real one!  For the most part, those "gurus" that I have seen making claims of realizing Samadhi, have not.  (exception: J. Krishnamurti and Sri Chinmoy, Here is what Chinmoy said about it: http://www.srichinmoy.org/spirituality/concentration_meditation_contemplation/samadhi)
I have searched for someone that recognizes it, but even in modern Hindu culture, I have not seen much evidence for it as Gopi Krishna wrote in his book Kundalini.  I keep referring/deferring to the ancient Hindu masters because, as far as I can determine, they are the sun source of this and it goes back maybe 10,000 years or earlier.  They were the true masters.  There may be living masters that have retreated from the world in caves or something, but I prefer to follow the middle path. 

Having said that, I have written about all of this in my various threads.  They actually are an attempt to tie all of it together and not just miscellaneous ramblings believe it or not!  haha   Space time, the quantum realm,  consciousness, ALL of US...are linked in the eternal illumination, Brahman, the ETHER.     

C

[SerpUkhovian]

The late Dr. Marie Curie might have taken exception to being called a 'guy'.

[Eighthman]

Looking over this magnificent collection of thinkers, I am inclined to hold to my opinion:

What the hell happened?  The human race was making rapid progress, we were understanding the Universe and even the horror of WW2 did not slow down the rapid advance of technology (if anything, it accelerated it).

Yet, here we are in 2016. Where's Startrek? A Unified Field theory? Flying cars? A cure for cancer? Free energy? Life span extension? World prosperity?  .......

If war, death, and disease couldn't hold us back, what has?

[ArMaP]

Yet, here we are in 2016. Where's Startrek? A Unified Field theory? Flying cars? A cure for cancer? Free energy? Life span extension? World prosperity?  .......

The way I see it, what happened was that, instead of 20 or 30 recognisable persons we now have thousands of unknown persons, each doing their work, in many cases still trying to prove or disprove the ideas of the people in that photo.

They found a new direction, but we are still travelling along it.

And are all those things you listed even possible?

If war, death, and disease couldn't hold us back, what has?

Death and disease are part of life, and, as you said at the beginning of you post, war helps technology (as technology helps war), so I see those as the natural way of things.

[Eighthman]

More examples:  battery technology is pathetic and we haven't progressed much for a century.  We still rely on fossil fuels and internal combustion vehicles.

"Still traveling along it"?  at what, a glacial pace?  And please note the difference you bring up - "thousands", "in many cases still trying to prove or disprove the ideas of the people in that photo".

Contrast that near-stagnation with the boldness and breakthroughs of the 20 to 30 in their own time. Something has changed....

[funbox]

More examples:  battery technology is pathetic and we haven't progressed much for a century.  We still rely on fossil fuels and internal combustion vehicles.

"Still traveling along it"?  at what, a glacial pace?  And please note the difference you bring up - "thousands", "in many cases still trying to prove or disprove the ideas of the people in that photo".

Contrast that near-stagnation with the boldness and breakthroughs of the 20 to 30 in their own time. Something has changed....

imagine the abuse's of these technologies with  the current mind-set humanity has,. is a defo nono

but I can appreciate the fun to be had letting the mental patients play with the chaingun

funbox